The Aviationist Blog

The attempted strike on Diego Garcia would mark a major escalation, highlighting Tehran’s apparent ability to target the strategic U.S.-UK base deep in the Indian Ocean and potentially put parts of Europe within reach.

Iran has launched two missiles at the joint UK-U.S. base at Diego Garcia in the Indian Ocean, about 4,000 km away. Such a distance is well within the range separating Tehran from many European capitals. According to U.S. officials who talked to the Wall Street Journal, one ballistic missile reportedly failed because of a malfunction and did not reach the base, whilst the other was engaged by a U.S. destroyer utilizing an SM-3 interceptor.

Neither of the missiles hit the base, still, regardless of the outcome of the attack, the attempted strike with the IRBM, marks a potential turning point in the conflict. The choice of target, is a telling signal. The United Kingdom has just decided to grant the United States the use of its bases for the strikes, and British assets, as Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi announced, have therefore become legitimate targets.

Until now, it had been believed that the intermediate-range missiles available to Tehran were capable of striking targets at a distance of up to 2,000 km. The decision to launch against the Diego Garcia base points to significantly greater capabilities in the weapons still available to the Islamic Republic.

The IRBMs, probably Khorramshahr-4s or another IRBM type, make not only Diego Garcia and other bases in the Middle East, but also many European capitals, potential targets within Tehran’s theoretical reach.

The Khorramshahr-4 is likely the intermediate-range ballistic missile that Iran used in the attempted attack on Diego Garcia, which analysts had previously assessed may have a range of +4,000km, though it had only been proven at between 2,000-3,000km. Such an attack would suggest… https://t.co/bLj7XzvKlz pic.twitter.com/fGMPtDs2Ih

— OSINTdefender (@sentdefender) March 21, 2026

U.S. and Israeli raids have significantly reduced Iran’s missile-launching capabilities. According to figures cited in recent days by U.S. President Donald Trump, Tehran has retained only 8% of its original capability. It is estimated that, before the conflict began, Tehran had at least 1,000 to 1,500 missiles. Among them, the Soumar has a range that is, in any case, below 3,000 km. Sejjil missiles can strike targets at a distance of 2,000 km. Shahed drones can also be used in medium- to long-range raids, considering that they can operate up to 1,700 km from their launch point. Still, despite being degraded, Iran continues to retain the ability to launch kamikaze drones and missiles, most likely relying on mobile launchers that are more difficult for U.S. and Israeli forces to detect and target, especially in dispersed areas in the eastern part of the country.

Although U.S. Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Gen. Dan Caine said during a briefing on Mar. 4, 2026, that ongoing operations against Iran were shifting from stand-off to stand-in strikes, using precision-guided bombs and shorter-range missiles, the continued use of AGM-158 JASSMs (Joint Air-to-Surface Standoff Missiles) observed on the external pylons of the B-52s departing RAF Fairford, U.K., on Mar. 20, 2026, suggests there is still a fairly significant requirement for stand-off munitions. Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth claimed on Mar. 13 that only 1% of the munitions being used were stand-off weapons, while also stating that “Iran has no air defenses.”

Diego Garcia

Though officially a British territory and British base, Diego Garcia is predominantly used by U.S. forces. Alongside communications and intelligence gathering facilities, both of which were major justifications for establishing this permanent military outpost in the Indian Ocean, Diego Garcia’s airfield is one of only three locations outside of the continental U.S. equipped with dedicated hangar facilities for the B-2 Spirit, and it can accommodate a vast number of strategic bombers, air to air refuelers, and intelligence gathering aircraft. In 2025, the base saw its first known fighter deployment of F-15E Strike Eagles. 

The base has been at the center of dispute earlier this year, over a Diego Garcia Military Base and British Indian Ocean Territory Bill, which intended to formalise and, in essence, ratify the deal signed between the UK and Mauritius in May 2025 that would see sovereignty of the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) ceded to Mauritius in return for a 99-year guaranteed lease of Diego Garcia for continued military use. Upon its expiration, this 99-year lease could be extended for up to 40 years. 

Critics claimed that ceding sovereignty places the base at risk of foreign espionage and interference. Just as it was set to head into the final stages of debate, the bill was paused after an amendment by the UK opposition party called into question whether the bill’s effects are in breach of a still-in-effect 1966 agreement between the United States and the United Kingdom regarding military use of Diego Garcia. The first clause of this agreement states that “The Territory shall remain under United Kingdom sovereignty”.

An RAF Typhoon was pictured at BAE Systems Warton carrying two seven round LAU-131 rocket pods, which can be used to fire APKWS guided munitions against surface and, importantly, air targets. 

The images, taken by Tech Digital Photography, mark the first time that we’ve seen a Typhoon outfitted with a rocket pod in the flesh. While rocket pods were integrated with many aircraft that the Typhoon has ended up replacing, until relatively recently these were largely for unguided rockets in an air to surface role and deploying such a non-precision weapon from a fast jet no longer aligned with the operating practices of many air forces.

Now, though, the introduction of the BAE Systems Advanced Precision Kill Weapon System II (APKWS II) guidance kit for Hydra 70 rockets over the past decade has granted such munitions a new lease of life. Initially envisaged as a way to precisely strike softer targets, preserving larger munitions for more valuable, hardened targets, the APKWS kit has now been well proven in an anti-air capacity against the emerging threat of small, inexpensive uncrewed aerial systems (UAS). 

A U.S. Air Force F-16 Fighting Falcon aircraft assigned to the 20th Fighter Wing, sits at the hot cargo pad after being loaded with rockets at Shaw Air Force Base, S.C., Jun. 11, 2025. (Image credit: USAF/ Airman 1st Class Nyanda Walker-Potts)

Recently integrated on mainline U.S. Air Force fighters like the F-16 Fighting Falcon and F-15E Strike Eagle, APKWS rocket pods are now very commonly seen carried by these aircraft into combat – including during the ongoing U.S. war with Iran. As well as being less expensive than dedicated air to air munitions like the AIM-9X Sidewinder, these rockets can also be carried in far greater quantities. This allows each aircraft to engage many more targets before needing to return to an airfield to be reloaded, an important factor when being faced with dozens or even hundreds of incoming drones. 

BAE Systems has developed a dual mode laser/infrared seeker for APKWS for precisely this counter-UAS (C-UAS) purpose, which will eliminate the current need for continual lasing of the intended target. 

With the UK Defence Investment Plan (#DIP) due Monday (or so I have been led to believe), we’re all expecting to be put out of our collective misery re #NMH. Another announcement I’ve been told to maybe expect is related to #APKWS rockets on the #Eurofighter Typhoon for low-cost… pic.twitter.com/RmAdpTWCQk

— Gareth Jennings (@GarethJennings3) December 12, 2025

The acquisition of APKWS II by the Royal Air Force for deployment from its Typhoon force has been strongly rumored in recent months, with anticipations that such a decision is due to be announced in the still heavily delayed Defence Investment Plan (DIP). The timely appearance of rocket pods on this Typhoon – marked with the insignia of the RAF’s 41 Test & Evaluation (TES) Squadron but thought to be in use directly by BAE Systems – should not be taken as a definitive confirmation of this plan, though, as BAE Systems already announced that integrating APKWS II was under consideration.

Any comment on the subject from the Royal Air Force itself has been tight-lipped. 

Both UK and Germany tell me there are no current plans to equip @eurofighter #Typhoon with rockets for the counter-#drone mission, but not to say it won’t happen. Waiting to hear from Italy and Spain. 1/3 https://t.co/OSOKTcLKBT pic.twitter.com/EnXWFOYItJ

— Gareth Jennings (@GarethJennings3) June 25, 2025

These trials, then, may be BAE Systems getting out ahead of time with their anticipation of potential future orders by the RAF as well as overseas Typhoon operators. When any procurement decisions are then made, the weapon will be available for use far more quickly. 

 

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A post shared by Tech_Photog (@tech_photog)

Tech Digital Photography’s images do in fact appear to show that live firing trials of some form have begun, with the Typhoon pictured on the ground with a single round carried in the starboard pod. When the jet is pictured on approach to the airfield, the same pod is empty. 

 

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A post shared by Tech_Photog (@tech_photog)

Timely Appearance

The debut of rocket pods for the Typhoon comes at a particularly coincidental time, given recent events in the Middle East. Of course, aircraft already integrated with APKWS II have been carrying these into combat amid the threat of Iranian drones, but RAF Typhoons flying from Qatar and RAF Akrotiri have instead had to rely solely on AIM-132 Advanced Short Range Air to Air Missiles (ASRAAMs) as their short-range infrared guided air to air missile. 

USAF F-15E in full counter drone loadout for Epic Fury. 4 X AIM-120, 4X AIM-9, 28 FALCO APKWS laser-guided rockets + the 20mm. Jet is clean aside from that, so likely has nearby tanker support and can get to where it needs to go fast.

Image via CENTCOM screencap pic.twitter.com/kTvlQCNYBr

— Tyler Rogoway (@Aviation_Intel) March 4, 2026

Typhoons can carry only four ASRAAMs per sortie – the four partially recessed fuselage hardpoints being dedicated for larger radar-guided missiles like the AIM-120 AMRAAM or MBDA’s Meteor. With just two of the rocket pods, each Typhoon could carry 14 APKWS rockets into battle alongside two ASRAAM. 

The massive cost of using ASRAAM in a C-UAS role has already been a point of criticism in the British press. While the cost calculations are not wrong – and the highly capable ASRAAM is indeed a massive overmatch for these low tier targets – this line of thinking does fail to consider the cost of not intercepting an incoming drone of missile, which could be far higher than the expense of an ASRAAM. 

RAF Typhoon taxiing at RAF Akrotiri in recent days, loaded with four ASRAAM, plus Meteor missiles and a LITENING targeting pod. (Image credit: Crown Copyright)

UK F-35Bs, which recently scored their first ever destruction of a hostile target when a Fleet Air Arm pilot destroyed an Iranian drone with an ASRAAM, would still have to use these higher tier missiles as rocket pods have not been integrated on this type. Theoretically, at the expense of full stealth characteristics (even more so than the already external carry only ASRAAM), there is no apparent reason why this integation could not take place, but it would have to be scheduled through the U.S. managed Integrated Test Force (ITF).

If the U.S. decides to follow this path, we may see this option emerge relatively quickly, but the UK is already plagued by delays to the integration of its weapons to the F-35B to such a point that the fleet’s only available air to ground weapon is the Paveway IV guided bomb. 

On the Typhoon, as well as offering a new C-UAS option, integration of APKWS II adds another munition to its quiver for strike missions alongside the Paveway IV, Brimstone, and Storm Shadow cruise missile. Like with the earlier comparison to the AGM-114 Hellfire, softer targets like light-skinned vehicles, unprotected enemy emplacements, or even small boats can be targeted with APKWS without expending a valuable Brimestone or high-collateral Paveway IV. Many strikes of this nature have been carried out during Operation Shader in Iraq and Syria.

Many thanks to Tech Digital Photography for allowing the use of their images in this article. You can find them on Facebook and Instagram. 

 

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