Despite the potential of renewable hydrogen to galvanize economies and climate action, governments and development banks often lack a coherent framework to assess and approve hydrogen projects on sustainability grounds. Decision-making processes regarding land allocation, permitting and infrastructure access remain fragmented, increasing the risof extractive investment models that provide limited local benefits while causing environmental harm. Transparent, universally accepted sustainability guidelines can help decision makers select project partners that align with their respective priorities and objectives, including the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Moreover, such a framework can enhance investor confidence and public trust by ensuring that hydrogen projects deliver tangible socioeconomic benefits to host communities. Recognizing this need, a broad coalition of stakeholders has collaborate to develop the Guidelines for Sustainable Hydrogen Projects, integrating expertise from multiple disciplines to create a flexible yet comprehensive decision-making tool. The Guidelines serve as a reference for governments, development banks and other stakeholders in evaluating hydrogen project proposals. Rather than prescribing rigid requirements, they provide a non-exhaustive set of criteria that can be adapted to local contexts. The Guidelines emphasize maximizing domestic value creation while safeguarding environmental and social standards. Applicable to large-scale projects with a minimum capacity of 200 megawatts (MW) - including renewable electricity generation, water desalination, electrolysis, and related infrastructure - they help ensure that hydrogen investments contribute to long-term sustainable development. By aligning with the SDGs, they promote inclusive economic growth, responsible resource management and climate action.
Despite the potential of renewable hydrogen to galvanize economies and climate action, governments and development banks often lack a coherent framework to assess and approve hydrogen projects on sustainability grounds. Decision-making processes regarding land allocation, permitting and infrastructure access remain fragmented, increasing the risof extractive investment models that provide limited local benefits while causing environmental harm. Transparent, universally accepted sustainability guidelines can help decision makers select project partners that align with their respective priorities and objectives, including the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Moreover, such a framework can enhance investor confidence and public trust by ensuring that hydrogen projects deliver tangible socioeconomic benefits to host communities. Recognizing this need, a broad coalition of stakeholders has collaborate to develop the Guidelines for Sustainable Hydrogen Projects, integrating expertise from multiple disciplines to create a flexible yet comprehensive decision-making tool. The Guidelines serve as a reference for governments, development banks and other stakeholders in evaluating hydrogen project proposals. Rather than prescribing rigid requirements, they provide a non-exhaustive set of criteria that can be adapted to local contexts. The Guidelines emphasize maximizing domestic value creation while safeguarding environmental and social standards. Applicable to large-scale projects with a minimum capacity of 200 megawatts (MW) - including renewable electricity generation, water desalination, electrolysis, and related infrastructure - they help ensure that hydrogen investments contribute to long-term sustainable development. By aligning with the SDGs, they promote inclusive economic growth, responsible resource management and climate action.
Despite the potential of renewable hydrogen to galvanize economies and climate action, governments and development banks often lack a coherent framework to assess and approve hydrogen projects on sustainability grounds. Decision-making processes regarding land allocation, permitting and infrastructure access remain fragmented, increasing the risof extractive investment models that provide limited local benefits while causing environmental harm. Transparent, universally accepted sustainability guidelines can help decision makers select project partners that align with their respective priorities and objectives, including the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Moreover, such a framework can enhance investor confidence and public trust by ensuring that hydrogen projects deliver tangible socioeconomic benefits to host communities. Recognizing this need, a broad coalition of stakeholders has collaborate to develop the Guidelines for Sustainable Hydrogen Projects, integrating expertise from multiple disciplines to create a flexible yet comprehensive decision-making tool. The Guidelines serve as a reference for governments, development banks and other stakeholders in evaluating hydrogen project proposals. Rather than prescribing rigid requirements, they provide a non-exhaustive set of criteria that can be adapted to local contexts. The Guidelines emphasize maximizing domestic value creation while safeguarding environmental and social standards. Applicable to large-scale projects with a minimum capacity of 200 megawatts (MW) - including renewable electricity generation, water desalination, electrolysis, and related infrastructure - they help ensure that hydrogen investments contribute to long-term sustainable development. By aligning with the SDGs, they promote inclusive economic growth, responsible resource management and climate action.
Technological change, an overwhelming fact in recent socioeconomic history, involves, as Joseph A. Schumpeter famously put it, “creative destruction” on a large scale: it gives rise to new goods, production methods, firms, organisations, and jobs, while rendering some received ones obsolete. Its impact extends beyond the economy and affects society, culture, politics, and the mind-set of people. While it allows solving certain problems, it causes new ones, inducing further technological change. Against this background, the paper attempts to provide a detailed, yet concise exploration of the historical evolution and measurement of technological change in economics. It touches upon various questions that have been raised since Adam Smith and by economic and social theorists after him until today living through several waves of new technologies. These questions include: (1) Which concepts and theories did the leading authors elaborate to describe and analyse the various forms of technological progress they observed? (2) Did they think that different forms of technological progress requested the elaboration of different concepts and theories – horses for courses, so to speak? (3) How do different forms of technological progress affect and are shaped by various strata and classes of society? Issues such as these have become particularly crucial in the context of the digitisation of the economy and the widespread use of AI. Finally, the paper explores the impact of emerging technologies on the established theoretical frameworks and empirical measurements of technological change, points to new measurements linked to the rise of these technologies, and evaluates their pros and cons vis-à-vis traditional approaches.
Technological change, an overwhelming fact in recent socioeconomic history, involves, as Joseph A. Schumpeter famously put it, “creative destruction” on a large scale: it gives rise to new goods, production methods, firms, organisations, and jobs, while rendering some received ones obsolete. Its impact extends beyond the economy and affects society, culture, politics, and the mind-set of people. While it allows solving certain problems, it causes new ones, inducing further technological change. Against this background, the paper attempts to provide a detailed, yet concise exploration of the historical evolution and measurement of technological change in economics. It touches upon various questions that have been raised since Adam Smith and by economic and social theorists after him until today living through several waves of new technologies. These questions include: (1) Which concepts and theories did the leading authors elaborate to describe and analyse the various forms of technological progress they observed? (2) Did they think that different forms of technological progress requested the elaboration of different concepts and theories – horses for courses, so to speak? (3) How do different forms of technological progress affect and are shaped by various strata and classes of society? Issues such as these have become particularly crucial in the context of the digitisation of the economy and the widespread use of AI. Finally, the paper explores the impact of emerging technologies on the established theoretical frameworks and empirical measurements of technological change, points to new measurements linked to the rise of these technologies, and evaluates their pros and cons vis-à-vis traditional approaches.
Technological change, an overwhelming fact in recent socioeconomic history, involves, as Joseph A. Schumpeter famously put it, “creative destruction” on a large scale: it gives rise to new goods, production methods, firms, organisations, and jobs, while rendering some received ones obsolete. Its impact extends beyond the economy and affects society, culture, politics, and the mind-set of people. While it allows solving certain problems, it causes new ones, inducing further technological change. Against this background, the paper attempts to provide a detailed, yet concise exploration of the historical evolution and measurement of technological change in economics. It touches upon various questions that have been raised since Adam Smith and by economic and social theorists after him until today living through several waves of new technologies. These questions include: (1) Which concepts and theories did the leading authors elaborate to describe and analyse the various forms of technological progress they observed? (2) Did they think that different forms of technological progress requested the elaboration of different concepts and theories – horses for courses, so to speak? (3) How do different forms of technological progress affect and are shaped by various strata and classes of society? Issues such as these have become particularly crucial in the context of the digitisation of the economy and the widespread use of AI. Finally, the paper explores the impact of emerging technologies on the established theoretical frameworks and empirical measurements of technological change, points to new measurements linked to the rise of these technologies, and evaluates their pros and cons vis-à-vis traditional approaches.
L'élection présidentielle aura bien lieu le 23 novembre en Republika Srpska, Siniša Karan servant de « doublure » à Milorad Dodik, qui vient de prononcer un nouveau discours raciste contre les Bosniaques. En coulisses, les États-Unis semblent en train d'écrire la partition.
- Articles / Bosnie-Herzégovine, Courrier des Balkans, Politique, USA Balkans, RS sécessionL'avis non contraignant de l'avocat général de l'UE Dean Spielmann, contraste avec une décision du juge de la Cour suprême espagnole Pablo Llarena, qui avait refusé d'amnistier le chef indépendantiste Carles Puigdemont, du parti de droite Junts, accusé de détournement de fonds publics.
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Bienvenue dans Rapporteur. Je suis Nicoletta Ionta, à Bruxelles. Vous avez une info à nous communiquer ? Écrivez-moi. À savoir : Omnibus : le PPE démantèle le pacte centriste pour faire adopter les réductions des règles environnementales avec l’extrême droite Scoop : Berlin soutient le report de la loi européenne sur la déforestation, renforçant ainsi […]
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TASHKENT, 14 November 2025 - The 25th Central Asia Media Conference, focused on strengthening media viability to support informed and resilient societies, concluded in Tashkent today. Over the course of two days, the event brought together around 150 participants, including government representatives and journalists from Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Mongolia, as well as media professionals, experts, civil society representatives and academics from the broader OSCE region.
The conference was opened by OSCE Representative on Freedom of the Media, Ambassador Jan Braathu, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan, H.E. Muzaffarbek Madrakhimov, OSCE Chairperson-in-Office’s Special Envoy, Ambassador Terhi Hakala, and Senior Project Officer, OSCE Project Co-ordinator’s Office in Uzbekistan, Sergei Sizov.
OSCE Representative on Freedom of the Media, Jan Braathu, said: “Without viable, independent, and trusted media, the principles of openness, accountability, and transparency that underpin democratic societies cannot be secured. Only through shared responsibility and coordinated action can we create an environment where independent journalism is protected, respected, and empowered to serve the public good.”
The conference featured panel discussions focusing on strengthening media sustainability and viability in the region, ensuring the safety of journalists as a key prerequisite for media freedom, and supporting media literacy initiatives to counter disinformation. During the event, the Representative’s recently released Policy Manual on Safeguarding Media Freedom in the Ae of Big Tech Platforms and AI was presented, along with the forthcoming Practical Manual for Journalists on Reporting the Environment, jointly developed by the RFoM and UNESCO.
“I will continue to assist participating States in upholding their OSCE commitments, as real progress requires continuous dialogue and co-operation. Our discussions here in Tashkent provide a good basis for achieving impact on media freedom and viability - for the benefit of citizens in the region,” Representative Braathu concluded.
The OSCE Representative on Freedom of the Media observes media developments in all 57 OSCE participating States. He provides early warning on violations of freedom of expression and media freedom and promotes full compliance with OSCE media freedom commitments. Learn more at www.osce.org/fom, Twitter: @OSCE_RFoM and on www.facebook.com/osce.rfom
Spectacles annulés, expositions attaquées par des groupes d'hommes masqués hurlant des slogans oustachis. Jamais les Journées de la culture serbe, organisées chaque mois de novembre en Croatie, n'avaient provoqué tant de violences. Sans réaction conséquente des autorités.
- Articles / Courrier des Balkans, Croatie droitisation, Relations Croatie - Serbie, Croatie, Société, GratuitSpectacles annulés, expositions attaquées par des groupes d'hommes masqués hurlant des slogans oustachis. Jamais les Journées de la culture serbe, organisées chaque mois de novembre en Croatie, n'avaient provoqué tant de violences. Sans réaction conséquente des autorités.
- Articles / Courrier des Balkans, Croatie droitisation, Relations Croatie - Serbie, Croatie, Société